The Effect of Nicotine Lozenge Over Teeth Bleaching During Cigarette's Addiction Treatment

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nicotine lozenge on teeth staining with/without bleaching in animal model study. A total of 15 Wistar rats were exposed in an acrylic container to 10 cigarettes smoke three times a day for 8 minutes per time, and sacrificed after 60 days. A total of 30 incisor teeth were treated (n=10) as the following: Group-1: in-office bleaching, at-home bleaching and immersion in artificial saliva; group-2: in-office bleaching, at - home bleaching and immersion in nicotine lozenge solution and in artificial saliva; group-3: immersion in nicotine lozenge solution and in artificial. The specimens of all groups were photographed using a stereomicroscope at T1) immediately after the extraction and before any treatment; T2) after one month of the treatment; and T3) after two months of the treatment. Four equidistant points of each specimen were analyzed using CMYK shade guide. The data were analyzed one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey test for multiple comparisons with (a ≤ 0.05). In group-1, there was a significant difference of the color saturation of specimens between T1 and T2, and between T1 and T3 readings (P<0.0001). In group-2, there was a significant difference of the color saturation of specimens between T1 and T2, between T2 and T3 readings (P<0.0001). In group-3, there was a significant difference of the color saturation of specimens between T1 and T2, and between T1 and T3 readings (P<0.0001). The usage of nicotine lozenge promotes teeth lighting with/without bleaching.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de comprimidos de nicotina sobre la tinción de los dientes con/sin blanqueamiento en un estudio de modelo animal. Un total de 15 ratas Wistar fueron expuestas en un recipiente acrílico al humo de 10 cigarrillos tres veces al día durante 8 minutos por vez, y sacrificadas después de 60 días. Se trataron un total de 30 dientes incisivos (n=10) de la siguiente manera: Grupo-1: blanqueamiento en consultorio, blanqueamiento en casa e inmersión en saliva artificial; grupo-2: blanqueamiento en consultorio, blanqueamiento en casa e inmersión en solución de comprimidos de nicotina y en saliva artificial; grupo-3: inmersión en solución de nicotina en comprimidos y en artificial. Los especímenes de todos los grupos fueron fotografiados utilizando un microscopio estereoscópico en T1) inmediatamente después de la extracción y antes de cualquier tratamiento; T2) después de un mes del tratamiento; y T3) a los dos meses del tratamiento. Se analizaron cuatro puntos equidistantes de cada espécimen utilizando la guía de colores CMYK. Los datos se analizaron con la prueba ANOVA unidireccional seguida de la prueba de Tukey para comparaciones múltiples con (a ≤ 0,05). En el grupo 1, hubo una diferencia significativa de la saturación de color de las muestras entre T1 y T2, y entre las lecturas T1 y T3 (P<0,0001). En el grupo 2, hubo una diferencia significativa de la saturación de color de las muestras entre T1 y T2, entre las lecturas de T2 y T3 (P<0.0001). En el grupo 3, hubo unadiferencia significativa de la saturación de color de las muestras entre T1 y T2, y entre las lecturas T1 y T3 (P<0,0001). El uso de comprimidos de nicotina promueve la iluminación de los dientes con/sin blanqueamiento.

The Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Different Doses on Bone Repair of Critical Size Defects in Rats: A Histomorphometric Study.

Introduction: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) appears to induce osteogenesis and stimulate fracture repair; because of its capacity, it is considered a promising treatment, but the characteristics of response to different radiation doses must be investigated through in vivo studies to establish their safety and effectiveness. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the effects of the PBM at different doses on the repair of critical bone defects through histological and histomorphometric analyses. Methods: Sixty 90-day-old adult rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus, Wistar) weighing approximately 300 g were used. Critical bone defects of 5 mm in diameter were performed in their calvaria. The animals were randomly separated into 5 groups: C-Blood clot, L15-PBM 15J/cm2, L30-PBM 30 J/ cm2, L45-PBM 45 J/cm2, L60-PBM 60 J/cm2. Each group was subdivided according to observation periods of 30 and 60 days with 6 rats in each subgroup. Low-level gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) lasers were used at a 660 nm wavelength, 30 mW and 0.04 cm2 in area. The PBM was applied over 5 points; 4 points of application were distributed on the edges while one point of application was located in the center of the bone defect. PBM occurred right after the procedure. In 30 and 60 days, the animals were euthanized by anesthesia overdose and the analyses were performed. The data were analyzed statistically by the ANOVA, together with the Tukey test, whose significance level was 5%. Results: As regards the treatment factor, the highest percentage of bone neoformation was achieved by group L45-60. The group with the highest closure, despite not having a statistically significant difference with the other doses, was 45 J with only 0.49 mm between edges. Conclusion: Thus, the present study allowed concluding that the highest percentage of bone neoformation area was achieved at 45 J/cm2 in 60 days; that is, it was significantly effective in comparison with other doses.

Evaluation of pulsed electromagnetic field protocols in implant osseointegration: in vivo and in vitro study.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to evaluate two protocols of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on osseointegration and establish one that addresses ideal parameters for its use in dentistry, especially in the optimization of the implants osseointegration process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty male rats (Wistar) were allocated into three experimental groups: control (GC), test A (GTA, 3 h exposed), and test B (GTB, 1 h exposed). All animals received titanium implants in both tibias, and PEMF application (15 Hz, ± 1 mT, 5 days/week) occurred only in the test groups. They were euthanized at 03, 07, 21, and 45 days after PEMF therapy. Removal torque, histomorphometric measurements, three-dimensional radiographic evaluation, and in vitro biological assay analyses were performed. RESULTS: GTB showed better results compared with GTA in removal torque tests, in bone volume and bone mineral density, cell viability, total protein content, and mineralization nodules (p < 0.05). GTA showed better performance in trabecular bone thickness and cell proliferation compared with GTB (p < 0.05), especially at osseointegration early periods. In the histomorphometric analysis and number of trabeculae, there were no differences in the test groups. CONCLUSION: PEMF as a biostimulator was effective in optimizing the events in bone tissue that lead to osseointegration, especially when applied for a shorter time and in the initial periods of bone healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The PEMF therapy is an effective alternative method for optimizing bone healing.

Electrical stimulation enhances early palatal wound healing in mice.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Electrical stimulation (ES) has been used to treat chronic wound and other clinical applications, showing favorable results in wound closure. It was hypothesized that ES can present a positive effect on oral mucosa healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ES during the palatal mucosa early healing process in Swiss mice. METHODS: Ninety animals were divided into two groups: Control (C; n = 45), which received Sham ES applications, and Test (ES; n = 45), which received ES (100 µA; 9 kHz; 660 mVpp) once a day for 3 days. A full thickness wound was performed with a 1.5 mm diameter biopsy punch in the hard palate. Histologically, the following parameters were evaluated: palatal wound closure and epithelial and connective wound edge distance (EED and CED). Furthermore, IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10 TNF-α, and VEGF cytokine levels were evaluated by multiplex assay. The percentage of collagen fibers was assessed using the polarization method and the Smad proteins using the immunofluorescence method. RESULTS: Palatal wound closure presented a significant reduction on day 5 in the ES group (p = 0.01). Additionally, both EED and CED were shorter for all time points in the ES group (p < 0.05), and the inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and VEGF were reduced (p < 0.05). There were no differences in collagen fibers and phospho-Smad2 between the groups. CONCLUSION: ES had a positive effect on early palatal wound closure outcomes, as well as on inflammatory markers.

The influence of LLLT applied on applied on calvarial defect in rats under effect of cigarette smoke.

OBJECTIVE: Considering the global public health problem of smoking, which can negatively influence bone tissue repair, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) on calvaria defects created surgically in specimens under the effect of cigarette smoke and analyzed with use of histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry techniques. METHODOLOGY: Calvaria defects 4.1 mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 90-day-old rats (n=60) that were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups containing 15 animals each: control group (C), smoking group (S), laser group (L), and smoke associated with laser group (S+L). The animals were subjected to surgery for calvaria defects and underwent PBM, being evaluated at 21, 45, and 60 days post-surgery. The specimens were then processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry analyses. The area of bone neoformation (ABN), percentage of bone neoformation (PBNF), and the remaining distance between the edges of the defects (D) were analyzed histometrically. Quantitative analysis of the TRAP immunolabeled cells was also performed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in conjunction with Tukey's test to verify the statistical differences between groups (p<0.05). RESULTS: The smoking group showed less ABN compared to the other experimental groups in all periods, and it also showed more D at 21 days compared to the remaining groups and at 45 days compared to the laser group. The smoking group showed a lower PNBF compared to the laser group in all experimental periods and compared to smoking combined with LLLT group at 21 days. CONCLUSIONS: PBM acted on bone biomodulation, thus stimulating new bone formation and compensating for the negative factor of smoking, which can be used as a supportive therapy during bone repair processes.

Influence of Cigarette Smoke Inhalation on an Autogenous Onlay Bone Graft Area in Rats with Estrogen Deficiency: A Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemistry Study.

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoke inhalation on an autogenous onlay bone graft area, either covered with a collagen membrane or not, in healthy and estrogen-deficient rats through histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty female rats (Wistar), weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided and allocated into groups (either exposed to cigarette smoke inhalation or not, ovariectomized and SHAM). After 15 days, the test group underwent cigarette smoke inhalation. Sixty days after exposition, autogenous bone grafting was only performed on all right hemimandibles, and the left ones underwent autogenous onlay bone grafting with the collagen membrane (BioGide®). The graft was harvested from the parietal bone and attached to the animals' jaws (right and left). They were euthanized at 21, 45, and 60 days after grafting. Histological measurements and immunohistochemical analyses were performed, and results were submitted to a statistical analysis. RESULTS: The addition of a collagen membrane to the bone graft proved more efficient in preserving graft area if compared to the graft area without a collagen membrane and the one associated with cigarette smoke inhalation at 21 (p = 0.0381) and 60 days (p = 0.0192), respectively. Cigarette smoke inhalation combined with ovariectomy promoted a significant reduction of the autogenous graft area at 21 and 60 days. At 45 days, no statistically significant results were observed. In the immunohistochemical analysis, the ovariectomized and smoking subgroups, combined or not with collagen membrane, received moderate and intense immunolabeling at 21 days for Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) (p = 0.0017 and p = 0.0381, respectively). For Osteoprotegerin (OPG), intense immunolabeling was observed in most subgroups under analysis at 60 days. CONCLUSION: Smoking inhalation promoted resorption on the autogenous onlay bone graft, mainly when associated with ovariectomy. Furthermore, when associated with the collagen membrane, a lower resorption rate was observed if compared to the absence of the membrane.

Efeitos do campo eletromagnético pulsátil (CEMP) na doença peridontal induzida em ratas ovariectomizadas: análises histomorfométrica, imunoistoquímica e microtomografia computadorizada MicroCT / Effects of the pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on induced peridontal disease in ovariectomized rats: histomorphometric, immunohistochemical and computerized microtomography (microCT) analyzes

A doença periodontal (DP) resulta de uma infecção polimicrobiana complexa, levando à destruição dos tecidos periodontais, como consequência da perturbação da homeostase entre a microbiota subgengival e os mecanismos de defesas do hospedeiro em indivíduos suscetíveis. A deficiência estrogênica (DE) é a causa mais comum de osteoporose. A osteoporose é definida como uma doença crônica, multifatorial, provenientes de uma desordem esquelética que promove fragilidade óssea pela redução de sua massa. Vários estudos experimentais têm demonstrado que a estimulação com Campo Eletromagnético Pulsátil (CEMP) pode promover a osteogênese e potencialmente aumentar a mineralização óssea e também, reduzir a inflamação aguda e crônica em tecidos moles e duros. Frente a isso, este estudo teve como objetivo, avaliar por meio da histomorfometria, imunoistoquímica e microtomografia computadorizada (MicroCT), a influência do CEMP na DP induzida em ratas ovariectomizadas e Sham. Para a pesquisa, foram utilizadas 60 ratas adultas (Rattus norvegicus, variação albinus, Wistar) com 3 meses de idade, pesando em torno de 300 gramas e em todos os animais a DP foi induzida. As ratas foram randomizadas em dois grupos experimentais, contendo 30 animais cada, classificados em ovariectomia simulada (Sham) e Ovariectomizada (Ovz), respectivamente. Os grupos foram divididos em dois subgrupos com 15 animais cada: Sham-S (n=15): não receberam terapia com CEMP e este foi nosso grupo controle. Sham-CEMP (n=15): receberam terapia com CEMP. Ovz­O (n=15): não receberam terapia com CEMP. Ovz­CEMP (n=15): receberam terapia com CEMP. As análises histomorfométrica, e MicroCT foram realizadas e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste de Tukey, ambos com nível de significância convencional de 95% e não apresentaram nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante. Na análise semiquantitativa para os biomarcadores RANKL e OPG, o subgrupo Ovz-O apresentou maior expressão do biomarcador RANKL e menor expressão do biomarcador OPG em relação aos outros subgrupos. Na análise quantitativa da expressão do biomarcador TRAP não foi encontrado nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante. Apesar de não encontramos evidências significativas da terapia com CEMP na DP em ratas ovariectomizadas, o presente estudo nos sugere que o CEMP pode apresentar um efeito benéfico na remodelação óssea(AU)

Periodontal disease (PD) results from a complex polymicrobial infection, leading to the destruction of periodontal tissues as a consequence of the disturbance of homeostasis between the subgingival microbiota and the host defense mechanisms in susceptible individuals. Estrogen deficiency is the most common cause of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is defined as a chronic, multifactorial disease from a skeletal disorder that promotes bone fragility by reducing its mass. Several experimental studies have shown that Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) stimulation can promote osteogenesis and potentially increase bone mineralization and also reduce acute and chronic inflammation in soft and hard tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate, through histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry and computerized microtomography (MicroCT), the influence of PEMF on PD induced in ovariectomized and Sham rats. For the research, 60 adult rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus variant, Wistar) at 3 months of age, weighing around 300 grams were used and in all animals PD was induced. The rats were randomized into two experimental groups, containing 30 animals each, classified as simulated ovariectomy (Sham) and Ovariectomized (Ovz), respectively. The groups were divided into two subgroups with 15 animals each: Sham-S (n = 15): did not receive PEMF therapy and this was our control group. Sham-PEMF (n = 15): received PEMF therapy. Ovz-O (n = 15): did not receive PEMF therapy. Ovz-PEMF (n = 15): received PEMF therapy. The histomorphometric and MicroCT analyzes were performed and the data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test, both with a 95% significance level and did not present any statistically significant difference. In the semiquantitative analysis for RANKL and OPG biomarkers, the Ovz-O subgroup showed higher expression of the RANKL biomarker and lower expression of the OPG biomarker in relation to the other subgroups. In the quantitative analysis of TRAP biomarker expression no statistically significant difference was found. Although we did not find significant evidence of PEMF therapy in PD in ovariectomized rats, the present study suggests that PEMF may have a beneficial effect on bone remodeling(AU)

The influence of LLLT applied on applied on calvarial defect in rats under effect of cigarette smoke

Abstract Objective Considering the global public health problem of smoking, which can negatively influence bone tissue repair, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) on calvaria defects created surgically in specimens under the effect of cigarette smoke and analyzed with use of histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry techniques. Methodology Calvaria defects 4.1 mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 90-day-old rats (n=60) that were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups containing 15 animals each: control group (C), smoking group (S), laser group (L), and smoke associated with laser group (S+L). The animals were subjected to surgery for calvaria defects and underwent PBM, being evaluated at 21, 45, and 60 days post-surgery. The specimens were then processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry analyses. The area of bone neoformation (ABN), percentage of bone neoformation (PBNF), and the remaining distance between the edges of the defects (D) were analyzed histometrically. Quantitative analysis of the TRAP immunolabeled cells was also performed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in conjunction with Tukey's test to verify the statistical differences between groups (p<0.05). Results The smoking group showed less ABN compared to the other experimental groups in all periods, and it also showed more D at 21 days compared to the remaining groups and at 45 days compared to the laser group. The smoking group showed a lower PNBF compared to the laser group in all experimental periods and compared to smoking combined with LLLT group at 21 days. Conclusions PBM acted on bone biomodulation, thus stimulating new bone formation and compensating for the negative factor of smoking, which can be used as a supportive therapy during bone repair processes.

Chronic kidney disease and periodontal disease. Case report. / Doença renal crônica e tratamento periodontal. Relato de caso

Chronic renal disease promotes a decrease on kidneys filterability and nitrogen products accumulation on blood, electrolyte and system endocrine functions imbalance. Among the many clinical manifestations of chronic renal failure (CRF) in the oral cavity, there are: dry mouth, uremic stomatitis, radiographic changes in maxillary and jaw bones and accumulation of calculus on the teeth that increases levels of periodonto pathogenic microorganisms able to lead a periodontal tissue destruction and also have the potential to act from a distance on other organs, e.g. the kidneys. Thus, it becomes evident that a periodontal treatment of patients suffering from chronic renal failure is crucial for maintaining their general health conditions and a subsequent successful organ transplant.Thus, the objectives of this case report were to highlight how important the periodontal treatment is for chronic renal failure patients and to demonstrate improvements in their clinical condition through the treatment plan proposed herein. A patient with 43 years old carrier generalized moderate chronic periodontitis and CRF was submitted to scaling and root planning sessions, and later surgical access for scaling where the basic treatment not resulted in a resolution of the inflammatory periodontal process. The results obtained from a well-developed periodontal treatment and an effective cooperation of patient showed satisfactory results with periodontal disease process resolution or stabilization.Thus, periodontal treatment and patient compliance were crucial for the improvement of periodontal clinical conditions enabling a future successful renal transplantation. (AU)

A doença renal crônica promove uma redução na filtrabilidade dos rins e produtos nitrogenados acumulam no sangue promovendo um desequilíbrio eletrolítico e funcional do sistema endócrino. Dentre as diversas manifestações clínicas da doença renal crônica (DRC) na cavidade bucal estão: xerostomia, estomatite urêmica, alterações radiográficas nos ossos maxilares e mandibulares e acúmulo de cálculo dental que eleva os níveis de microrganismos periodontopatogênicos capazes de promover a destruição periodontal e também a capacidade de agir à distância em outros órgãos, como por exemplo, os rins. Dessa forma, torna-se evidente que o tratamento periodontal de pacientes que sofrem com a doença renal crônica é crucial para a manutenção de sua saúde geral e para o subsequente sucesso no transplante de órgão. Então, os objetivos deste relato de caso foram evidenciar a importância do tratamento periodontal para pacientes renais crônicos e demonstrar a melhora na condição clínica através do plano de tratamento proposto. Um paciente de 43 anos de idade, portador de periodontite crônica moderada generalizada e de DRC foi submetido às sessões de raspagem e alisamento radicular, e posteriormente, acesso cirúrgico para raspagem onde o tratamento básico não resultou na resolução do processo inflamatório periodontal. Os resultados obtidos a partir de um tratamento periodontal bem conduzido e uma efetiva cooperação do paciente mostraram resultados satisfatórios com a resolução ou estabilização da doença periodontal. Desta forma, o tratamento periodontal e a cooperação do paciente foram cruciais para a melhora das condições clínicas periodontais possibilitando um sucesso no futuro transplante renal. (AU)

Influência da inalação da fumaça de cigarro no reparo de enxertos ósseos autógenos onlay em ratas ovarectomizadas: estudo histomorfométrico / Influence of inhalation of cigarette smoke in the repair of autogenous onlay bone grafts in ovarectomized rats: histomorphometric study

O consumo do cigarro pode afetar negativamente o reparo ósseo. A deficiência estrogênica leva à remodelação óssea desproporcional,aumentando a reabsorção mais do que a formação óssea. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência da fumaça de cigarro, da ovarectomia e das duas situações associadas no reparo de enxertos ósseos autógenos onlay nas mandíbulas de ratas. Foram utilizadas 120 ratas adultas (Rattus norvegicus, variação albinus, Wistar) divididas alheatoriamente em dois grupos contendo 60 animais cada, compreendidos em Sham e Ovarectomizadas (Ovx). Os grupos Sham e Ovx foram divididos em 2 subgrupos contendo 30 animais cada, constituídos pela ausência ou presença da inalação de fumaça de cigarro, descritos como: Controle positivo (C+) - ratas que não receberam inalação da fumaça de cigarro e não foram ovarectomizadas; (Fum) - ratas que receberam inalação da fumaça de cigarro e não foram ovarectomizadas; (Ovx) - ratas que não receberam inalação da fumaça de cigarro e foram ovarectomizadas;(Fum+Ovx) - ratas que receberam inalação da fumaça de cigarro e foram ovarectomizadas. Em cada subgrupo, os animais foram sacrificados por perfusão cardíaca em três períodos distintos (n=10), entre 21, 45 e 60 dias após a realização da cirurgia de enxerto na hemi mandíbula direita. A análise histomorfométrica foi realizada e os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e teste de Shapiro-Wilk,ambos com nível de significância convencional de 5%. Os resultados mostraram que houve um aumento na integração do enxerto ao leito receptor nos períodos 21 e 45 dias em todos os subgrupos. Concluiu-se,dentro dos limites do presente estudo que a exposição à fumaça de cigarro não interferiu na reparação dos enxertos ósseos autógenos onlay em ratas ovarectomizadas

Cigarette consumption can adversely affect bone repair. The estrogen deficiency leads to bone remodeling disproportionately increasing there sorption rather than bone formation. The aim of the study was toevaluate the influence of cigarette smoke, the ovarectomy and the two situations associated with the repair of bone autogenous onlay grafts inrats jaws. 120 adult rats were used (Rattus norvegicus, Albinus variation,Wistar) alheatoriamente divided in two groups of 60 animals each,understood in Sham and ovariectomized (OVX). The Sham and Ovxgroups were divided into two subgroups containing 30 animals each,constituted by the absence or presence of inhalation of cigarette smoke,described as positive control (C +) - rats not receiving inhalation of cigarette smoke and were not ovariectomized; (Fum) - rats given inhalation of cigarette smoke and were not ovariectomized; (Ovx) - rats notreceiving inhalation of cigarette smoke and were ovariectomized; (Fum +Ovx) - rats given inhalation of cigarette smoke and were ovariectomized.In each subgroup, the animals were sacrificed by cardiac infusion at thre edifferent periods (n = 10) among 21, 45 and 60 days after the graft surgeryon right hemi jaw. Histomorphometric analysis was performed and the data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Shapiro-Wilktest, both with conventional significance level of 5%. The results showedan increase in the integration of the graft recipient bed during the periods 21 and 45 days in all subgroups. It was concluded within the limits of this study that exposure to cigarette smoke did not affect the repair of bone autogenous onlay grafts in ovariectomized rats

Osteoclacin expression during autogenous onlay bone grafts with or without resorbable collagen membrane in diabetic rats / Expressão da osteocalcina no reparo de enxertos ósseos autógenos onlay recobertos ou não por membrana colágena reabsorvível em ratos diabéticos

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar, através da técnica imunoistoquímica, a expressão do marcador de formação óssea Osteocalcina no processo de reparo do enxerto ósseo autógeno onlay, associado ou não à membrana colágena reabsorvível e comparar esses achados com a presença da Diabetes Mellitus. Material e Métodos: Foram utilizados 60 ratos (Rattus norvegicus, variação albinus, Wistar) com 90 dias de idade, divididos em dois grupos , cada um contendo 30 animais: Grupo Teste com Diabéticos , composto por ratos com diabetes induzida e Grupo Controle composto por ratos normoglicêmicos. Todos receberam enxertos na hemi mandíbula esquerda com recobrimento de membrana colágena e na hemi mandíbula direita sem recobrimento. Os animais foram eutanasiados nos períodos 0h, 7, 14, 21, 45 e 60 dias. A análise imunoistoquímica foi realizada com o marcador Osteocalcina na interface leito-enxerto. Para analise da expressão imunoistoquímica da Osteocalcina, realizou-se uma fotografia com visão panorâmica do enxerto e duas fotografias em maior aumento. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que houve diferença estatisticamente significante ao nível de 5% intragrupo para Diabético e Controle com e sem membrana e também quando comparamos o grupo Diabético com o Controle com a presença da membrana. Conclusão: Dentro dos limites do presente estudo, pode-se concluir que a marcação da osteocalcina pode sofrer alguma influência do diabetes, sendo expressa de forma mais tardia na presença dessa condição. Porém, a associação da membrana ao enxerto pode melhorar esse atraso e deixar a expressão semelhante ao grupo controle.

Objective: This study aimed to quantify through immunohistochemistry the expression of bone formation marker osteocalcin during the repair process of autogenous onlay bone graft, associated or not to the resorbable collagen membrane and to compare these findings with the presence of Diabetes Mellitus. Material and Methods: Sixty rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus variation, Wistar) aged 90 days, were divided into two groups with 30 animals: test group – rats with induced diabetes; control group - normoglycemic rats. All rats received grafts on the left and right hemi-mandible with or without collagen membrane coverage, respectively. The animals were euthanized at the following periods: 0h, 7, 14, 21, 45, and 60 days. Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed by the marker osteocalcin at receptor site-graft interface. To analyze osteocalcin immunohistochemical expression, a panoramic view photograph of the graft was taken followed by two photographs at larger magnification. Results: No statistically significances at 5% level were observed between diabetic and control group with and without membrane; and diabetic and control groups with membrane coverage. Conclusion: Within the limits of this present study, it can be concluded that the osteocalcin marker might be influenced by diabetes so that it was late expressed during this condition. However, the association of the graft with the membrane could improve this delay by reaching expression values similar to those of control group.